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Criminal Matter Legal 3 (English)
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We shall now examine the decision in Roop Singh (supra) on which practically the whole of the arguments on behalf of the claimants were rested. On examining the facts, it is found that was a case which related to a claim by a third party. In claims by a third party, there cannot be much doubt that once the liability of the owner is found, the insurance company is liable to indemnify the owner to any defence that may be available to it under Section 149(2) of the Act. In case where the liability is satisfied by the insurance company in the first instance, it may have recourse to the owner in respect of a claim available in that behalf, it may have recourse to the owner in respect of a claim available in that behalf. Roop Singh (supra) was a case where the insurance company raised a defence that the owner has permitted the vehicle to be driven by a driver who really had no licence and the driving licence produced by him was a fake one. Their Lordships discussed the position and held ultimately that a defence under Section 149(2) of the Act was available to an insurer when a claim is filed either under Section 163-A or under Section 166 of the Act. The breach of a policy condition has to be proved to have been committed by the insured for avoiding liability by the insurer. Mere absence of production of fake or invalid driving licence or disqualification of the driver for driving at the relevant time, are not in themselves defences available to the insurer against either the insured or the third party. The insurance company to avoid liability, must not only establish the available defence raised in the proceeding concerned but must also establish breach on the part of the owner of the vehicle for which the burden of proof would rest with the insurance company. It becomes very clear from a perusal of the above mentioned case law of this Court that the insurance company in order to avoid liability must not only establish the defence claimed in the proceeding concerned, but also establish breach on the part of the owner insured of the vehicle for which the burden of proof would rest with the insurance company. In the instant case, the respondent- Company has not produced any evidence on record to prove that the accident occurred on account of the overloading of passengers in the goods carrying vehicle. Further, as has been held in the case of B.N. Swaroop (supra) that for the insurer to avoid his liability, the breach of the policy must be so fundamental in nature that it brings the contract to an end. In the instant case, it is undisputed that the accident was in fact caused on account of the rash and negligent driving of the offending vehicle by its driver, against whom a criminal case vide FIR no. 66 of 210 was registered for the offences referred to supra under the provisions of the IPC.
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